Introduction ISO 27001 sets out the requirements for establishing, implementing, and improving an Information Security Management System (ISMS). Annex A lists 93 controls grouped into four themes under ISO 27002:2022. Control Themes: Organizational Controls – Policies, roles, risk assessments, and supplier relationships. People Controls – Training, awareness, and disciplinary actions for non-compliance. Physical Controls – Secure areas, equipment protection, environmental safeguards. Technological Controls – Access management, encryption, monitoring, secure configuration. Implementation Tips: Align controls with business risks and objectives. Document control owners and evidence. Review control effectiveness at least annually. Common Overlaps: SOC 2 Security, NIST CSF, and ISO 27001 share common principles — leverage crosswalks to streamline compliance. Resources: ISO.org – 27001:2022 Overview